Multi-period closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium considering CSR investment and sharing mechanism

This study explores the impact of CSR investment and sharing mechanism on multi-period CLSC network equilibrium. We establish a network equilibrium model in which manufacturers and retailers jointly undertake CSR. Numerical examples are applied to analyze the model. The results show that an increase in CSR is conducive to increasing product demand and recovery rate as well as achieving the social welfare maximization of the system. When retailers undertake more CSR, CSR is more effective in increasing utility in the system; particularly, when retailers undertake more CSR in earlier periods, this helps to increase the recovery rate and social welfare.