Effect of two periodontal treatment modalities in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized clinical trial

AimTo evaluate the impact of two non-surgical periodontal treatment modalities on metabolic and periodontal clinical parameters in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and poor glycaemic control and chronic periodontitis. Material and methodsA randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Ninety-three T2DM subjects with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)>7% were randomly assigned to one of two groups receiving scaling with root planing in multiple sessions quadrant-by-quadrant (Q by Q) or within 24hr (one stage). Periodontal parameters, HbA1c, glycaemia blood levels (FPG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6months post-therapy. ResultsAt 6months, HbA1c had decreased by 0.48% in the Q by Q group and by 0.18% in the one-stage group (p=0.455). After therapy, subjects with an initial HbA1c<9% showed an increase of 0.31% (p=0.145), compared with a decrease of 0.88% (p=0.006) in those with an initial HbA1c9%. Periodontal parameters improved significantly (p<0.0001) post-therapy, with similar results for both treatment modalities. ConclusionPeriodontal therapy had the greatest impact on HbA1c reduction on patients with an HbA1c>9% regardless of treatment modality. Both modalities resulted in significant improvements in periodontal parameters.