The contents of the potentially harmful elements in the arable soils of southern Poland, with the assessment of ecological and health risks: a case study

被引：26
作者：
Gruszecka-Kosowska, Agnieszka [1 ]
Baran, Agnieszka [2 ]
Wdowin, Magdalena [3 ]
Mazur-Kajta, Katarzyna [4 ]
Czech, Tomasz [2 ]
机构：
[1] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Protect, Fac Geol Geophys & Environm Protect, al Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland
[2] Agr Univ Krakow, Dept Agr & Environ Chem, Fac Agr & Econom, al Mickiewicza 21, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland
[3] Polish Acad Sci, Energy Economy Res Inst, ul J Wybickiego 7A, PL-31261 Krakow, Poland
[4] Opole Univ Technol, Fac Econom & Management, Dept Int Econom Relat, ul Proszkowska 76, PL-45758 Opole, Poland
来源：
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH | 2020年 / 42卷 / 02期
关键词：
Agricultural soils; Trace elements; Contamination factors; Ecological risk; Human health risk assessment; Bioavailability; HEAVY-METALS; EXTRACTION PROCEDURES; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; TOXIC ELEMENTS; UPPER SILESIA; FOREST SOILS; CONTAMINATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; ECOTOXICITY;
D O I：
10.1007/s10653-019-00372-w
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
Agricultural soil samples were collected from the areas where edible plants had been cultivated in southern Poland. The PHE content decreased in proportion to the median value specified in brackets (mg/kg d.m.) as follows: Zn (192) > Pb (47.1) > Cr (19.6) > Cu (18.8) > Ni (9.91) > As (5.73) > Co (4.63) > Sb (0.85) > Tl (0.04) > Cd (0.03) > Hg (0.001) > Se (< LOQ). No PHE concentrations exceeded the permissible levels defined in the Polish law. The PHE solubility (extracted with CaCl2) in the total concentration ranged in the following order: Fe (3.3%) > Cd (2.50%) > Ni (0.75%) > Zn (0.48%) > Cu (0.19%) > Pb (0.10%) > Cr (0.03%). The soil contamination indices revealed moderate contamination with Zn, ranging from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with Pb, and, practically, no contamination with other PHEs was identified. The ecological risk indices revealed that soils ranged from uncontaminated to slightly contaminated with Zn, Pb, As, Cu, and Ni. The PCA indicated natural sources of origin of Co, Cu, Hg, Sb, Zn, Cr, and Pb, as well as anthropogenic sources of origin of Cd, Ni, As, and Tl. The human health risk assessment (HHRA) for adults and children decreased in the following order of exposure pathways: ingestion > dermal contact > inhalation of soil particles. The total carcinogenic risk values for both adults and children were at the acceptable level under residential (1.62E-05 and 6.39E-05) and recreational scenario (5.41E-06 and 2.46E-05), respectively, as well as for adults in agricultural scenario (1.45E-05). The total non-carcinogenic risk values for both adults and children under residential scenario (1.63E-01 and 4.55E-01, respectively), under recreational scenario (2.88E-01 and 6.69E-01, respectively) and for adults (1.03E-01) under agricultural scenario indicated that adverse health effects were not likely to be observed. Investigated soils were fully suitable for edible plant cultivation.
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页码：419 / 442
页数：24
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