Liquid crystal lens with four driving voltages and its applications in imaging system with rectangular aperture

Liquid crystal (LC) lens has the characteristic of variable focal length. Many studies have demonstrated that electronically controlled focusing without mechanical movements can be realized by using LC lenses in imaging system. In this paper, a four-electrodes LC lens with a rectangular aperture is applied to focus. The aperture's aspect ratio of the LC lens can be designed arbitrarily so that installing it with the periscope lens in phones becomes possible.