Characteristics of higher-order aberrations and anterior segment tomography in patients with pathologic myopia

To investigate prospectively the characteristics in the higher-order aberrations and anterior segment tomography in patients with pathologic myopia. One hundred and twelve consecutive highly myopic patients (mean age 43.4 +/- 9.3 years, spherical equivalent of refractive error >= 8 D and an axial length >= 26.5 mm) were studied. Thirty-seven emmetropic individuals (mean age 37.0 +/- 14.5 years, spherical equivalent of refractive error <=+/- 1 D) were analyzed as controls. The ocular and cornea higher-order aberrations were measured using a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (KR-1W; Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The crystalline lens rise, the angle-to-angle, and the white-to-white values were measured using anterior segment OCT (SS-1000; Tomey Corporation, Nagoya, Japan). The mean curvature of the anterior corneal surface, the thickness at the thinnest central corneal point, the location of the central corneal point, the corneal volume, the anterior chamber volume, and the anterior chamber depth were measured using the Pentacam HR (Oculus, Inc., Wetzlar, Germany). The ocular total higher-order aberration for 4-mm pupil, the ocular spherical aberrations, and internal spherical aberration for 6-mm pupil were significantly higher in highly myopic eyes than in the emmetropic controls. The crystalline lens rise was significantly smaller in highly myopic eyes than in the emmetropic controls. The anterior chamber depth and the anterior chamber volume were significantly larger in highly myopic eyes than in the emmetropic controls. Highly myopic eyes had higher-order aberrations than emmetropic eyes because of the increasing internal aberrations.