Prevalence and Risk Factors of Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with End-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and the risk factors of DVT in end-stage OA patients. Methods: From March 2015 to June 2017, 521 patients with knee degenerative osteoarthritis undergoing knee arthroplasty were enrolled; 458 patients (87.9%) were admitted for primary total knee arthroplasty and 63 patients (12.1%) were admitted for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Parameters were compared using chi(2) or t-test for both the groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors. Results: The incidence of preoperative DVT was 6.7% (n = 35). Age in preoperative DVT group was significantly more than the non-DVT group (72.54 +/- 6.53 vs. 68.65 +/- 7.35, P = 0.002). Preoperative D-dimer >0.5 mu g/mL (P < 0.001) was also associated with preoperative DVT in knee osteoarthritis patients. The incidence increased with age significantly (2.17% in <65 years, 6.86% in >= 65 <75 years, and 12.26% in >= 75 years) (P = 0.008). Thus, age (P = 0.041, OR 1.075, 95% CI [1.002-1.110]) and D-dimer >0.5 mu g/mL (P < 0.001, OR 4.441, 95% CI [1.942-10.153]) were the independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in knee osteoarthritis patients. Conclusions: The incidence of DVT in end-stage osteoarthritis was 6.7%. The results suggest that older people aged over 75 and D-dimer > 0.5 mu g/mL were risk factors for DVT among patients admitted to the hospital for total knee arthroplasty. Instrumental screening should be encouraged, especially in subgroups at higher risk for preoperative DVT.