A Secure Image Watermarking Using Visual Cryptography and discrete fractional Fourier transform

In this paper we proposed a secure image watermarking algorithm for digital image using the visual cryptography (VC) and discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT). We use the visual secret sharing scheme to construct two shares, namely, master share and ownership share. Features of the original image are extracted using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and are used to generate the master share. Ownership share is generated with the help of secret image (watermark) and the master share, using VC technique. In case of any dispute, the master shares and ownership shares can be stacked together to give the copyright image verifying the ownership about the host image. In order to achieve the robustness and security, the properties of VC, DFRFT and NMF are used in our scheme. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is strong enough to resist various signal processing operations.