Nanocrystalline lithium-manganese oxide spinels for Li-ion batteries - Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of their structure and selected physical properties

被引：43

作者：

Michalska, M. ^{[1
]}

Lipinska, L. ^{[1
]}

Mirkowska, M. ^{[1
]}

Aksienionek, M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Diduszko, R. ^{[1
]}

Wasiucionek, M. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Inst Elect Mat Technol, PL-01919 Warsaw, Poland

[2] Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland

来源：

SOLID STATE IONICS | 2011年 / 188卷 / 01期

关键词：

Nanocrystalline cathode; Lithium manganese oxide spinel; Sol-gel method; LiMn2O4; LIMN2O4; CATHODE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ssi.2010.12.003

中图分类号：

O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];

学科分类号：

070304 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Nanocrystalline lithium-manganese oxide spinels were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method. Simple salts of lithium, manganese and iron were used as starting reagents and citric acid as a complexing agent. The gelled materials turned into nanopowders after the calcination was carried out in air in the 450-700 degrees C temperature range. The combined DSC-TGA measurements have shown important stages of the syntheses. They also enabled to find optimum calcination temperatures. Microstructure of all synthesized materials, as investigated by SEM, contains relatively large grains (over 100 nm), which are agglomerates of much smaller crystallites. x-ray diffraction (XRD) has shown that the final powders are single-phased, with a lattice parameter a varying from 8.16 to 8.25 angstrom, depending on the material. The average crystallite size, as estimated from broadening of XRD reflections by a Scherrer formula, is about 30 nm. Electrical conductivity depends on temperature according to an Arrhenius equation with the activation energy of 0.30 eV. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：160 / 164

页数：5

共 23 条

[1] Failure mechanism and improvement of the elevated temperature cycling of LiMn2O4 compounds through the use of the LiAlxMn2-xO4-zFz solid solution [J].