An efficient shooting method for fibre Raman amplifier design

A powerful shooting algorithm, which is the combination of the simple shooting method and the modified Newton method, dedicated to fibre Raman amplifier (FRA) design is proposed and numerically demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. An effective initial-guess-providing scheme for the shooting method has also been proposed. The interactions among the pumps, signals, forward and backward amplified spontaneous emission, and co- and counter-propagating Rayleigh scattering components have all been taken into account in the theoretical model used by the proposed method. Studies in comparison with previously proposed methods show that the proposed new method is faster and more robust than the previously proposed ones. This new method can be used in the gain and noise performance design of FRAs with various kinds of geometries including forward pumping, backward pumping, or bi-directional pumping.