Enhanced thermal stability of polypyrrole hexagonal microplates fabricated by organic crystal surface-induced polymerization

The stability of polypyrrole hexagonal microplates (PHMs) fabricated by organic crystal surface-induced polymerization (OCSP) in the presence of 4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt (SBAK) crystals was examined during thermal aging at 150 degrees C for 10 h under air and nitrogen atmospheres. Thermal stability of PHMs and conventional polypyrroles (CPPys) was evaluated in terms of the resistivity (R(t)) after aging for t h, normalized to the initial resistivity (R(0)) before aging, R(t)/R(0). Although the PHMs maintained R(10)/R(0) values of 21.9 and 3.0 under air and nitrogen, respectively, the CPPys exhibited much higher R(10)/R(0) values, of 853.8 and 14.6, respectively. A possible explanation for the enhanced thermal stability of the PHMs is the higher thermal stability and the antioxidant effect of SBAK dopant molecules. Thermo-oxidative degradation was accelerated due to direct chemical attack on the cationic pyrrole rings of atmospheric water and oxygen, leading to a steep increase in surface resistivity. The development of carbonyl defects on PPy chains during thermal aging was monitored using Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy revealed that the PHMs essentially retained the bipolaron structures, even after thermal aging for 10 h in air, whereas the CPPys showed almost no bipolaron structures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.