Sensor-based automation of irrigation on bermudagrass, during wet weather conditions

New technologies could improve irrigation efficiency of turfgrass, promoting water conservation and reducing environmental impacts. The objectives of this research were to quantify irrigation water use and to evaluate turf quality differences between (1) time-based scheduling with and without a rain sensor (RS); (2) a time-based schedule compared to a soil moisture sensor (SMS)-based irrigation system; and (3) different commercially available SMS systems. The experimental area consisted of common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] plots (3.7 m x 3.7 m), located in Gainesville, Fla. The monitoring period took place from July 20 to December 14, 2004, and from March 25 to August 31, 2005. SMS-based treatments consisted of irrigating one, two, or seven days a week, each with four different commercial SMS brands. Time-based treatments with or without RS and a nonirrigated treatment were also implemented. Significant differences in turfgrass quality among treatments were not detected due to the sustained wet weather conditions during the testing periods. The treatment with the rain sensor resulted in 34% less water applied than that without the rain sensor (2-WORS) treatment. Most SMS brands recorded irrigation water savings compared to 2-WORS, ranging from 69 to 92% for three of four SMSs tested, depending on the irrigation frequency. Therefore, SMS systems represent a promising technology because of the water savings that they can achieve during wet weather conditions while maintaining acceptable turfgrass quality.