In vitro wound healing properties, antioxidant activities, HPLC-ESI-MS/MS profile and phytoconstituents of the stem aqueous methanolic extract of Dracaena reflexa Lam

Column chromatography of the stem aqueous methanolic extract of Dracaena reflexa Lam. (DRSE) led to the isolation of five flavonoids, one phenolic glycoside, one triterpenoid and two steroidal saponins. Furthermore, 44 compounds were tentatively identified in the phytoconstituent profile of DRSE using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The antioxidant activity of DRSE was evaluated. In a DPPH radical scavenging assay, DRSE exhibited an IC50 value of 311.6 +/- 10.10 mu g/ml compared with the IC50 value of the standard Trolox (24.42 +/- 0.87 mu g/ml). The antioxidant activities of DRSE using ABTS assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay were 326.63 mu m Trolox equivalents/mg extract and 208.67 mu m Trolox equivalents/mg extract, respectively. The wound-healing activity of DRSE was studied by the scratch assay using Human Skin Fibroblast cells. After 24 h DRSE (at 10 and 20 mu g/ml) decreased the wound width to 0.55 +/- 0.37 and 0.47 +/- 0.55 mm, respectively, compared with the wound width in the control cells (0.77 +/- 0.17 mm). This result suggested that DRSE improved the wound-healing process by inducing the migration of fibroblasts. Moreover, a docking study was performed to evaluate the binding affinity of the identified phytoconstituents toward GSK-3 beta relative to the co-crystalized inhibitor and curcumin with the possible involvement of this pathway in the wound-healing activity of the extract.