Advancing Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Variations of Soil Nutrients in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone of China's Three Gorges Reservoir Using Self-Organizing Map

被引:21
作者
Ye, Chen [1 ]
Li, Siyue [1 ]
Yang, Yuyi [1 ]
Shu, Xiao [1 ]
Zhang, Jiaquan [1 ,2 ]
Zhang, Quanfa [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China
[2] Hubei Polytech Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Huangshi 435003, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; RIPARIAN BUFFER ZONES; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; RIVER FLOODPLAIN; LAND-USE; SEDIMENT; DAMS; DENITRIFICATION; VEGETATION; QUALITY;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0121210
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The similar to 350 km(2) water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) of China, situated at the intersection of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, experiences a great hydrological change with prolonged winter inundation. Soil samples were collected in 12 sites pre- (September 2008) and post submergence (June 2009) in the WLFZ and analyzed for soil nutrients. Self-organizing map (SOM) and statistical analysis including multi-way ANOVA, paired-T test, and stepwise least squares multiple regression were employed to determine the spatio-temporal variations of soil nutrients in relation to submergence, and their correlations with soil physical characteristics. Results showed significant spatial variability in nutrients along similar to 600 km long shoreline of the TGR before and after submergence. There were higher contents of organic matter, total nitrogen (TN), and nitrate (NO3-) in the lower reach and total phosphorus (TP) in the upper reach that were primarily due to the spatial variations in soil particle size composition and anthropogenic activities. Submergence enhanced soil available potassium (K), while significantly decreased soil N, possibly due to the alterations of soil particle size composition and increase in soil pH. In addition, SOM analysis determined important roles of soil pH value, bulk density, soil particle size (i.e., silt and sand) and nutrients (TP, TK, and AK) on the spatial and temporal variations in soil quality. Our results suggest that urban sewage and agricultural runoffs are primary pollutants that affect soil nutrients in the WLFZ of TGR.
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页数:16
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