HUBS: A dedicated hot circumgalactic medium explorer

被引：27

作者：

Cui, W. ^{[1
]}

Bregman, J. N. ^{[2
]}

Bruijn, M. P. ^{[3
]}

Chen, L-B ^{[4
]}

Chen, Y. ^{[5
]}

Cui, C. ^{[4
]}

Fang, T-T ^{[6
]}

Gao, B. ^{[7
]}

Gao, H. ^{[10
]}

Gao, J-R ^{[3
]}

Gottardi, L. ^{[3
]}

Gu, K-X ^{[4
]}

Guo, F-L ^{[8
]}

Guo, J. ^{[4
]}

He, C-L ^{[9
]}

He, P-F ^{[9
]}

den Herder, J-W ^{[2
]}

Huang, Q-S ^{[9
]}

Li, F-J ^{[1
]}

Li, J-T ^{[2
]}

Li, J-J ^{[10
]}

Li, L-Y ^{[7
]}

Li, T-P ^{[1
]}

Li, W-B ^{[9
]}

Liang, J-T ^{[4
]}

Liang, Y-J ^{[1
]}

Liang, G-Y ^{[11
]}

Liu, Y-J ^{[4
]}

Liu, Z. ^{[20
]}

Liu, Z-Y ^{[4
]}

Jaeckel, F. ^{[12
]}

Ji, L. ^{[13
]}

Ji, W. ^{[4
]}

Jin, H. ^{[1
]}

Kang, X. ^{[21
]}

Ma, Y-X ^{[4
]}

McCammon, D. ^{[12
]}

Mo, H-J ^{[14
]}

Nagayoshi, K. ^{[3
]}

Nelms, K. ^{[12
]}

Qi, R. ^{[9
]}

Quan, J. ^{[4
]}

Ridder, M. L. ^{[3
]}

Shen, Z-X ^{[9
]}

Simionescu, A. ^{[3
]}

Taralli, E. ^{[3
]}

Wang, Q. D. ^{[14
]}

Wang, G-L ^{[1
]}

Wang, J-J ^{[4
]}

Wang, K. ^{[9
]}

机构：

[1] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[3] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands

[4] Chinese Acad Sci, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, Beijing 100090, Peoples R China

[5] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China

[6] Xiamen Univ, Dept Astron, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China

[7] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China

[8] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China

[9] Tongji Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China

[10] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing 102200, Peoples R China

[11] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China

[12] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[13] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210033, Peoples R China

[14] Univ Massechusetts Amherst, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

[15] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Astron, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China

[16] Shanghai Acad Spaceflight Technol, Shanghai 201109, Peoples R China

[17] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China

[18] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China

[19] Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

[20] ShanghaiTech Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China

[21] Zhejiang Univ, Zhejing Univ Purple Mt Observ Joint Res Ctr Astr, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

来源：

SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2020: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY | 2021年 / 11444卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金; 国家重点研发计划;

关键词：

HUBS; microcalorimeter; transition-edge sensor; high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray mission; missing baryons; circumgalactic medium; WHIM; PULSE TUBE CRYOCOOLER; MISSING BARYONS;

D O I：

10.1117/12.2560871

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) mission is proposed to study "missing" baryons in the universe. Unlike dark matter, baryonic matter is made of elements in the periodic table, and can be directly observed through the electromagnetic signals that it produces. Stars contain only a tiny fraction of the baryonic matter known to be present in the universe. Additional baryons are found to be in diffuse (gaseous) form, in or between galaxies, but a significant fraction has not yet been seen. The latter ("missing" baryons) are thought to be hiding in low-density warm-hot ionized medium (WHIM), based on results from theoretical studies and recent observations, and be distributed in the vicinity of galaxies (i.e., circumgalactic medium) and between galaxies (i.e., intergalactic medium). Such gas would radiate mainly in the soft X-ray band and the emission would be very weak, due to its very low density. HUBS is optimized to detect the X-ray emission from the hot baryons in the circumgalactic medium, and thus fill a void in observational astronomy. The goal is not only to detect the "missing" baryons, but to characterize their physical and chemical properties, as well as to measure their spatial distribution. The results would establish the boundary conditions for understanding galaxy evolution. Though highly challenging, detecting "missing" baryons in the intergalactic medium could be attempted, perhaps in the outskirts of galaxy clusters, and could shed significant light on the large-scale structures of the universe. The current design of HUBS will be presented, along with the status of technology development.

引用

页数：12

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