COVID-19-Associated Orphanhood and Caregiver Death in the United States

被引：142

作者：

Hillis, Susan D. ^{[1
]}

Blenkinsop, Alexandra ^{[2
]}

Villaveces, Andres ^{[1
]}

Annor, Francis B. ^{[1
]}

Liburd, Leandris ^{[1
]}

Massetti, Greta M. ^{[1
]}

Demissie, Zewditu ^{[1
]}

Mercy, James A. ^{[1
]}

Nelson, Charles A., III ^{[4
,5
]}

Cluver, Lucie ^{[6
,8
]}

Flaxman, Seth ^{[2
]}

Sherr, Lorraine ^{[9
]}

Donnelly, Christl A. ^{[3
,7
]}

Ratmann, Oliver ^{[2
]}

Unwin, H. Juliette T. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA

[2] Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Math, London, England

[3] Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, MRC, Ctr Global Infect Dis Anal, London, England

[4] Harvard Univ, Harvard Med Sch, Harvard Grad Sch Educ, Dept Pediat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[5] Boston Childrens Hosp, Cambridge, MA USA

[6] Univ Oxford, Dept Social Policy & Intervent, Oxford, England

[7] Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford, England

[8] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa

[9] UCL, Inst Global Hlth, London, England

来源：

PEDIATRICS | 2021年 / 148卷 / 06期

基金：

英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

CHILDHOOD; HEALTH; ADJUSTMENT;

D O I：

10.1542/peds.2021-053760

中图分类号：

R72 [儿科学];

学科分类号：

100202 ;

摘要：

BACKGROUND: Most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths occur among adults, not children, and attention has focused on mitigating COVID-19 burden among adults. However, a tragic consequence of adult deaths is that high numbers of children might lose their parents and caregivers to COVID-19-associated deaths. METHODS: We quantified COVID-19-associated caregiver loss and orphanhood in the United States and for each state using fertility and excess and COVID-19 mortality data. We assessed burden and rates of COVID-19-associated orphanhood and deaths of custodial and coresiding grandparents, overall and by race and ethnicity. We further examined variations in COVID-19-associated orphanhood by race and ethnicity for each state. RESULTS: We found that from April 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021,>140 000 children in the United States experienced the death of a parent or grandparent caregiver. The risk of such loss was 1.1 to 4.5 times higher among children of racial and ethnic minority groups compared with non-Hispanic White children. The highest burden of COVID-19-associated death of parents and caregivers occurred in Southern border states for Hispanic children, in Southeastern states for Black children, and in states with tribal areas for American Indian and/or Alaska Native populations. CONCLUSIONS: We found substantial disparities in distributions of COVID-19-associated death of parents and caregivers across racial and ethnic groups. Children losing caregivers to COVID-19 need care and safe, stable, and nurturing families with economic support, quality child care, and evidence-based parenting support programs. There is an urgent need to mount an evidence-based comprehensive response focused on those children at greatest risk in the states most affected.

引用

页数：13

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