Metastatic brainstem tumor manifesting as hearing disturbance - Case report

A 53-year-old male, who had undergone a left upper lung lobectomy for cancer 2 years previously, presented with metastatic brainstem tumor manifesting as hearing disturbance. At first an otorhinolaryngologist treated him for senile sensorineural hearing disturbance. However, he suffered gait ataxia and was referred to our department. On admission, neurological examination found mild cerebellar ataxia on the left and gait unsteadiness. Neurootological analysis revealed central-type sensorineural hearing disturbance on the left both in the pure tone audiogram and speech discrimination test. Neuroimaging studies revealed a ring-like enhanced mass centered in the ventral left middle cerebellar peduncle, partly extending to the inferior cerebellar peduncle. Peritumoral edema extending to the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus was recognized. He underwent surgery via a left lateral suboccipital transcondylar approach. The histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma identical with the primary lung cancer. Intra-axial brainstem metastatic lesion can be a cause of hearing disturbance, so should be included in the differential diagnosis for a patient complaining of hearing disturbance, especially with a past history of cancer.