3-D Point Cloud Generation From Airborne Single-Pass and Single-Channel Circular SAR Data

被引:17
作者
Palm, Stephan [1 ]
Stilla, Uwe [2 ]
机构
[1] Fraunhofer FHR, Dept High Frequency Radar & Applicat HRA, D-53343 Wachtberg, Germany
[2] Tech Univ Muenchen, Dept Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, D-80333 Munich, Germany
来源
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING | 2021年 / 59卷 / 10期
关键词
3-D point clouds; airborne circular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR); CSAR data fusion; CSAR tomography; millimeter-wave radar; radar signal processing; video synthetic aperture radar (SAR); EXTRACTION; HEIGHT; BAND;
D O I
10.1109/TGRS.2020.3041320
中图分类号
P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];
学科分类号
0708 ; 070902 ;
摘要
This article presents a framework to generate 3-D point clouds by very-high-resolution single-pass and single-channel circular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR). The focus is both on the precise 3-D determination of very small, detached objects and on larger buildings in complex urban scenes. Inspired by optical flow methods, our approach evaluates the tracked aspect dependent backscatter energy flow of objects above the focusing reference plane. Besides the derivation of the exact projection geometry in CSAR, we give answers to the question of how accurate 3-D information can be extracted by this approach as a function of aspect interval and the object's signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR). A further coherent adaption uses considerably larger subapertures while focusing the data on different reference heights. The computed 3-D information from multiple aspect views is then fused to a georeferenced 3-D point cloud. This results in the first demonstration of 3-D point cloud generation from CSAR data collected with a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar at the W-band. The results were validated with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, and the height accuracy was evaluated in relation to the aspect integration interval and the number of aspect views. For small point targets with edge lengths of 3 cm, we could demonstrate that an aspect interval of only 8.5 degrees leads to a height accuracy below 20 cm. Building roofs reach a height accuracy of several tens of centimeters. Besides the spatial information, we can reveal the angular scattering behavior of individual objects and determine over which aspect interval they are even visible.
引用
收藏
页码:8398 / 8417
页数:20
相关论文
共 37 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 2008, P 7 EUR C SYNTH AP R
[2]   Sparse Signal Methods for 3-D Radar Imaging [J].
Austin, Christian D. ;
Ertin, Emre ;
Moses, Randolph L. .
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING, 2011, 5 (03) :408-423
[3]   Beam characteristics of three-dimensional SAR in curved or random paths [J].
Axelsson, SRJ .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, 2004, 42 (10) :2324-2334
[4]   Accuracy of differential shift estimation by correlation and split-bandwidth interferometry for wideband and Delta-k SAR systems [J].
Bamler, R ;
Eineder, M .
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS, 2005, 2 (02) :151-155
[5]  
Cantalloube HMJ, 2018, INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE, P3671, DOI 10.1109/IGARSS.2018.8518003
[6]   High resolution SAR imaging along circular trajectories [J].
Cantalloube, Hubert M. J. ;
Colin-Koeniguer, Elise ;
Oriot, Helene .
IGARSS: 2007 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-12: SENSING AND UNDERSTANDING OUR PLANET, 2007, :850-853
[7]   A VideoSAR Mode for the X-band Wideband Experimental Airborne Radar [J].
Damini, A. ;
Balaji, B. ;
Parry, C. ;
Mantle, V. .
ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY XVII, 2010, 7699
[8]   Absolute Height Estimation Using a Single TerraSAR-X Staring Spotlight Acquisition [J].
Duque, Sergi ;
Breit, Helko ;
Balss, Ulrich ;
Parizzi, Alessandro .
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS, 2015, 12 (08) :1735-1739
[9]   GOTCHA experience report: Three-dimensional SAR imaging with complete circular apertures [J].
Ertin, Emre ;
Austin, Christian D. ;
Sharma, Samir ;
Moses, Randolph L. ;
Potter, Lee C. .
ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY XIV, 2007, 6568
[10]   Enhanced imaging over complete circular apertures [J].
Ertin, Etnre ;
Potter, Lee C. ;
Moses, Randolph L. .
2006 FORTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS, VOLS 1-5, 2006, :1580-+