Energy-Efficient Distributed Packet Scheduling Optimization Strategy in Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure Systems

In the cooperative vehicle infrastructure system (CVIS), due to the limitation of deployment conditions, some roadside units (RSUs) need to use renewable energy to supply power and transmit the fused sensor network's data to the backbone network through the passing vehicles. Aiming at the problem of energy consumption and time delay guarantee of multiple self-powered RSUs in the CVIS, a distributed packet scheduling optimization strategy for energy-delay trade-off in self-powered RSUs is proposed. The strategy can minimize the system energy consumption by constraining the packet queue length of the self-powered RSUs. A dynamic optimization model of distributed packet adaptive scheduling for multiple self-powered RSUs is established based on the Lyapunov optimization theory. Based on the knapsack algorithm, the analytical algorithm of the optimization model is proposed. The simulation results show that the packet scheduling strategy can reduce the energy consumption and delay of the system by satisfying the upper limit of the packet queue length.