Adaptive Impedance Control Applied to Robot-Aided Neuro-Rehabilitation of the Ankle

Robot-aided neuro-rehabilitation is a potential solution to help resolve the increasing demand for post-stroke therapy. In this letter, we propose an assistive-resistive approach to promote active patient participation during robotic therapy. In order to automatically determine the most appropriate level of task difficulty, we recommend a novel approach for real-time adaptation of the robotic assistance according to the instantaneous patient's participation and performance. First, we estimated the dynamic con tribution of the patient from robot's torque and kinematic data. Second, we adapted the stiffness parameter of the robot's impedance control according to the purported patient's participation. And third, we adapted the robotic assistance according to his/her performance while playing a serious game. We present the results of a feasibility study in whichwe evaluated ourmethodology with four personswith impairments due to stroke in a single session using the ankle robot. Our proposed metric for performance and participation has potential implications for real-time assessment during robot-assisted therapy. The proposed adaptive strategy, when compared to a fixed-stiffness approach, allows more kinematic variability in patient-led movements without compromising the overall performance during therapy.