Widespread presence of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibian communities in Madagascar

被引：55

作者：

Bletz, Molly C. ^{[1
,2
]}

Rosa, Goncalo M. ^{[3
,4
,5
]}

Andreone, Franco ^{[6
,7
]}

Courtois, Elodie A. ^{[8
,9
]}

Schmeller, Dirk S. ^{[10
,11
]}

Rabibisoa, Nirhy H. C. ^{[7
,12
]}

Rabemananjara, Falitiana C. E. ^{[7
,13
]}

Raharivololoniaina, Liliane ^{[13
]}

Vences, Miguel ^{[2
]}

Weldon, Che ^{[14
]}

Edmonds, Devin ^{[15
]}

Raxworthy, Christopher J. ^{[16
]}

Harris, Reid N. ^{[1
]}

Fisher, Matthew C. ^{[17
]}

Crottini, Angelica ^{[18
]}

机构：

[1] James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA

[2] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Zool, Div Evolutionary Biol, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany

[3] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England

[4] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW14RY, England

[5] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes CE3C, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal

[6] Museo Reg Sci Nat, I-10123 Turin, Italy

[7] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Grp Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar

[8] CNRS Guyane, USR 3456, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana

[9] CNRS Moulis, Stn Ecol Expt, USR 2936, F-09200 Moulis, France

[10] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Conservat Biol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany

[11] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INPT,EcoLab,Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, F-31062 Toulouse, France

[12] Univ Mahajanga, Fac Sci, Dept Biol Anim & Ecol, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar

[13] Univ Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar

[14] NorthWest Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa

[15] Associat Mitsinjo, Andasibe 514, Madagascar

[16] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Herpetol, New York, NY 10024 USA

[17] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1PG, England

[18] Univ Porto, InBIO, CIBIO Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, P-4485661 Vairao, Vila Do Conde, Portugal

来源：

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | 2015年 / 5卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

CHYTRID FUNGUS; POPULATION DECLINES; RAIN-FOREST; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; DISEASE; FROGS; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; TIME; BIODIVERSITY;

D O I：

10.1038/srep08633

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Amphibian chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been a significant driver of amphibian declines. While globally widespread, Bd had not yet been reported from within Madagascar. We document surveys conducted across the country between 2005 and 2014, showing Bd's first record in 2010. Subsequently, Bd was detected in multiple areas, with prevalence reaching up to 100%. Detection of Bd appears to be associated with mid to high elevation sites and to have a seasonal pattern, with greater detectability during the dry season. Lineage-based PCR was performed on a subset of samples. While some did not amplify with any lineage probe, when a positive signal was observed, samples were most similar to the Global Panzootic Lineage (BdGPL). These results may suggest that Bd arrived recently, but do not exclude the existence of a previously undetected endemic Bd genotype. Representatives of all native anuran families have tested Bd-positive, and exposure trials confirm infection by Bd is possible. Bd's presence could pose significant threats to Madagascar's unique ''megadiverse'' amphibians.

引用

页数：10

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