Upholding science in health, safety and environmental risk assessments and regulations

被引：7

作者：

Aschner, Michael ^{[1
]}

Autrup, Herman N. ^{[2
]}

Berry, Sir Colin L. ^{[3
]}

Boobis, Alan R. ^{[4
]}

Cohen, Samuel M. ^{[5
]}

Creppy, Edmond E. ^{[6
]}

Dekant, Wolfgang ^{[7
]}

Doull, John ^{[8
]}

Galli, Corrado L. ^{[9
]}

Goodman, Jay I. ^{[10
]}

Gori, Gio B. ^{[11
,12
]}

Greim, HelmutA. ^{[13
]}

Joudrier, Philippe ^{[14
]}

Kaminski, Norbert E. ^{[15
,16
]}

Klaassen, Curtis D. ^{[17
]}

Klaunig, James E. ^{[18
]}

Lotti, Marcello ^{[19
]}

Marquardt, Hans W. J. ^{[20
]}

Pelkonen, Olavi ^{[21
]}

Sipes, I. Glenn ^{[22
]}

Wallace, Kendall B. ^{[23
]}

Yamazaki, Hiroshi ^{[24
,25
]}

机构：

[1] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Mol Pharmacol, 1300 Morris Pk Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 USA

[2] Univ Aarhus, Inst Publ Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark

[3] Queen Mary, Emeritus Pathol, London, England

[4] Imperial Coll, Dept Med, Biochem Pharmacol, London, England

[5] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE USA

[6] Univ Bordeaux Segalen, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Toxicol, Bordeaux, France

[7] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Toxicol, Toxicol, Wurzburg, Germany

[8] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Pharmacol Toxicol & Therapeut, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA

[9] Univ Milan, Toxicol & Risk Assessment, Pharmacol & Biomol Sci, Milan, Italy

[10] Michigan State Univ, Pharmacol & Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[11] Ctr Hlth Policy, Bethesda, MD USA

[12] Regulatory Toxicol & Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD USA

[13] Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany

[14] INRA, Res, Montpellier, France

[15] Michigan State Univ, Pharmacol & Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[16] Michigan State Univ, Inst Integrat Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[17] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[18] Indiana Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Ellettsville, IN USA

[19] Univ Padua, Sch Med, Dept Cardiol Thorac & Vasc Sci, Padua, Italy

[20] Univ Hamburg, Expt & Clin Toxicol, Sch Med, Hamburg, Germany

[21] Univ Oulu, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Fac Med, Oulu, Finland

[22] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA

[23] Univ Minnesota, Med Sch Duluth, Fac Affairs, Duluth, MN 55812 USA

[24] Showa Pharmaceut Univ, Grad Sch, Machida, Tokyo, Japan

[25] Showa Pharmaceut Univ, Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet, Machida, Tokyo, Japan

来源：

TOXICOLOGY | 2016年 / 371卷

关键词：

Scientific evidence; Regulation; Regulatory policy; Regulatory ethics; Animal bioassays; Hazard assessment; Risk assessment; IPCS FRAMEWORK; PREVENTION; CARCINOGENICITY; RELEVANCE; BIOASSAY; DISEASE; HUMANS; MODE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.005

中图分类号：

R9 [药学];

学科分类号：

1007 ;

摘要：

A public appeal has been advanced by a large group of scientists, concerned that science has been misused in attempting to quantify and regulate unmeasurable hazards and risks! The appeal recalls that science is unable to evaluate hazards that cannot be measured, and that science in such cases should not be invoked to justify risk assessments in health, safety and environmental regulations. The appeal also notes that most national and international statutes delineating the discretion of regulators are ambiguous about what rules of evidence ought to apply.Those statutes should be revised to ensure that the evidence for regulatory action is grounded on the standards of the scientific method, whenever feasible. When independent scientific evidence is not possible, policies and regulations should be informed by publicly debated trade-offs between socially desirable uses and social perceptions of affordable precaution. This article explores the premises, implications and actions supporting the appeal and its objectives. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：12 / 16

页数：5

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