Parathyroid hormone independent hypercalcemia in adults

被引：17

作者：

Bollerslev, Jens ^{[1
,3
]}

Pretorius, Mikkel ^{[2
,4
]}

Heck, Ansgar ^{[2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Oslo Univ Hosp, Div Med, Sect Specialized Endocrinol, Endocrinol, Oslo, Norway

[2] Oslo Univ Hosp, Div Med, Sect Specialized Endocrinol, Oslo, Norway

[3] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Endocrinol, Oslo, Norway

[4] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Box 1072 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

来源：

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM | 2018年 / 32卷 / 05期

关键词：

PTHrP (PTH-related peptide); PTHR1 (Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor); Vitamin D; sarcoidosis; immobilization; CALCIUM-PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM; VITAMIN-D INTOXICATION; CULTURED ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; D-MEDIATED HYPERCALCEMIA; ANTI-THYROID TREATMENT; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; SERUM-CALCIUM; BONE-RESORPTION; HUMORAL HYPERCALCEMIA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.beem.2018.06.005

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Parathyroid independent hypercalcemia is characterized by suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the presence of hypercalcemia. Well known causes and mechanisms are redistribution of calcium from the skeleton, by malignant diseases; inadequately increased intestinal calcium uptake mediated by increased vitamin D activity, and reduced renal elimination due to medications. Frequent and infrequent causes are discussed, and more recent mechanistic models presented in this review. Most hypercalcemic conditions are stable and in equilibrium between the different organs, whereas the utmost severe cases are characterized by rapid rising calcium levels and renal failure, resulting in a vicious circle where a disequilibrium state is developed. Management and treatment depends on the underlying condition and severity. The aim of this review is to discuss non-parathyroid hypercalcemic conditions as seen in the modern clinic, with a focus on areas where recent gain of knowledge has been achieved. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：621 / 638

页数：18

共 153 条

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