Fertilization effects on soil microbial composition and nutrient availability in integrated rice-livestock production systems

被引:4
作者
Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de O. [1 ,3 ,8 ]
Martins, Amanda P. [1 ]
Flores, Joao Pedro M. [1 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Alves, Lucas A. W. [1 ,2 ]
Pires, Carlos B. [2 ,7 ,8 ]
Machado, Debora R. [3 ]
Anghinoni, Ibanor [1 ]
Carvalho, Paulo Cesar F. [3 ]
Kuzyakov, Yakov
Rice, Charles W. [2 ]
Chabbi, Abad
机构
[1] Fed Univ Rio Grande Sul UFRGS, Soil Sci Res Program, Interdisciplinary Res Grp Environm Biogeochem, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
[2] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[3] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Anim Sci Res Program, Grazing Ecol Res Grp, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
[4] Univ Gottingen, Dept Soil Sci Temperate Ecosyst, Agr Soil Sci, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[5] RUDN Univ, Peoples Friendship Univ Russia, Moscow 117198, Russia
[6] Kazan Fed Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Kazan 420049, Russia
[7] French Natl Res Inst Agr Food & Environm INRAE, URP3F, F-86600 Lusignan, France
[8] Univ Paris Saclay, INRAE AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR ECOSYS, F-76500 Thiverval Grignon, France
关键词
Soil; Microbial biomass; Crop rotation; Cattle grazing; Paddy fields; Integrated crop-livestock systems; ORGANIC-MATTER; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; CARBON MINERALIZATION; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; CROP RESIDUES; COVER CROPS; NO-TILLAGE; DECOMPOSITION;
D O I
10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104420
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) in paddies are an important strategy to reduce fertilizer requirements of rice (Oryza sativa). Legume crop rotations and fertilization increase soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) availability compared to rice monocropping. Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of fertilization, namely P and K, in no-till ICLS of continuously flooded rice and rice-soybean rotation in subtropical paddy fields on: (i) soil microbial community, (ii) labile C and N pools, (iii) microbial groups, and (iv) rice yield. Both ICLS were annual ryegrass pastures under beef cattle grazing during the winter season without tillage. Although flooded rice yield did not respond to P and K fertilization in either ICLS, P and K fertilization increased microbial biomass C and N content, and permanganate-oxidizable C (POxC) by 37%, 36%, and 42%, respectively, in both production systems, due to alleviation of nutrient limitation for microbial growth. ICLS under soybean-rice rotation had higher C availability and 22.4% higher rice yield than the rice monocropping. Positive relationships were observed between microbial biomass N and Gram-positive (G+; R-2 = 0.61), Gram-negative (G-; R-2 = 0.54) bacteria, and saprophytic fungi (R-2 = 0.45). However, total fungi was almost 10 times lower than the PLFA of total bacteria on average of cropping systems. G+ bacteria were the only microbial group correlated with N availability under flooded rice. We conclude that P and K fertilization has a direct impact on the microbial community and biomass and consequently on the C and N availability, but does not increase rice yield under no-till ICLS. Soybean-rice rotation yields more than rice monocropping system under ICLS and soil bacteria are more sensitive than saprophytic fungi to changes in soil nutrient status during flooding period in paddy fields.
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页数:9
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