The research on endothelial function in women and men at risk for cardiovascular disease (REWARD) study: methodology
被引:22
作者:
Bacon, Simon L.
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Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
Concordia Univ, Dept Exercise Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Bacon, Simon L.
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Lavoie, Kim L.
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Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
Univ Montreal, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Lavoie, Kim L.
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,5
]
Arsenault, Andre
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Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Arsenault, Andre
[1
,2
]
Dupuis, Jocelyn
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Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Dupuis, Jocelyn
[2
,6
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Pilote, Louise
[5
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Laurin, Catherine
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机构:
Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
Concordia Univ, Dept Exercise Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Laurin, Catherine
[1
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,4
]
Gordon, Jennifer
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Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Gordon, Jennifer
[1
,2
]
Gautrin, Denyse
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Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Gautrin, Denyse
[4
]
Vadeboncoeur, Alain
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Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, CanadaMontreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Vadeboncoeur, Alain
[2
]
机构:
[1] Montreal Behav Med Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[2] Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada
Background: Endothelial function has been shown to be a highly sensitive marker for the overall cardiovascular risk of an individual. Furthermore, there is evidence of important sex differences in endothelial function that may underlie the differential presentation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women relative to men. As such, measuring endothelial function may have sex-specific prognostic value for the prediction of CVD events, thus improving risk stratification for the overall prediction of CVD in both men and women. The primary objective of this study is to assess the clinical utility of the forearm hyperaemic reactivity (FHR) test (a proxy measure of endothelial function) for the prediction of CVD events in men vs. women using a novel, noninvasive nuclear medicine based approach. It is hypothesised that: 1) endothelial dysfunction will be a significant predictor of 5-year CVD events independent of baseline stress test results, clinical, demographic, and psychological variables in both men and women; and 2) endothelial dysfunction will be a better predictor of 5-year CVD events in women compared to men. Methods/Design: A total of 1972 patients (812 men and 1160 women) undergoing a dipyridamole stress testing were recruited. Medical history, CVD risk factors, health behaviours, psychological status, and gender identity were assessed via structured interview or self-report questionnaires at baseline. In addition, FHR was assessed, as well as levels of sex hormones via blood draw. Patients will be followed for 5 years to assess major CVD events (cardiac mortality, non-fatal MI, revascularization procedures, and cerebrovascular events). Discussion: This is the first study to determine the extent and nature of any sex differences in the ability of endothelial function to predict CVD events. We believe the results of this study will provide data that will better inform the choice of diagnostic tests in men and women and bring the quality of risk stratification in women on par with that of men.
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Berman, DS
Kang, XP
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Kang, XP
Hayes, SW
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Hayes, SW
Friedman, JD
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Friedman, JD
Cohen, I
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Cohen, I
Abidov, A
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Abidov, A
Shaw, LJ
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Shaw, LJ
Amanullah, AM
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Amanullah, AM
Germano, G
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Germano, G
Hachamovitch, R
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
机构:
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Berman, DS
Kang, XP
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Kang, XP
Hayes, SW
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Hayes, SW
Friedman, JD
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Friedman, JD
Cohen, I
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Cohen, I
Abidov, A
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Abidov, A
Shaw, LJ
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Shaw, LJ
Amanullah, AM
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Amanullah, AM
Germano, G
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Germano, G
Hachamovitch, R
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机构:Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Imaging, Div Nucl Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA