A first assessment of microplastics and other anthropogenic particles in Hudson Bay and the surrounding eastern Canadian Arctic waters of Nunavut

被引:81
作者
Huntington, Aimee [1 ]
Corcoran, Patricia L. [2 ]
Jantunen, Liisa [3 ]
Thaysen, Clara [1 ]
Bernstein, Sarah [3 ]
Stern, Gary A. [4 ]
Rochman, Chelsea M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
[2] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
[3] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Proc Res Sect, Egbert, ON L0L 1N0, Canada
[4] Univ Manitoba, Ctr Earth Observat Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
来源
FACETS | 2020年 / 5卷
关键词
microplastic; Arctic; Canada; zooplankton; water; sediment; plastic; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; PLASTIC POLLUTION; TRANSPORT; OCEAN; CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENTS; ARCHIPELAGO; INGESTION; ABUNDANCE;
D O I
10.1139/facets-2019-0042
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Microplastics are a globally ubiquitous contaminant, invading the most remote regions, including the Arctic. To date, our understanding of the distribution and sources of microplastics in the Arctic is limited but growing. This study aims to advance our understanding of microplastics in the Arctic. Surface water, zooplankton, sediment, and snow samples were collected from Hudson Bay to north Baffin Bay onboard the CCGS Amundsen from July to August 2017. Samples were examined for microplastics, which were chemically identified via Raman spectroscopy for surface water and zooplankton and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for sediment. We found that 90% of surface water and zooplankton samples, and 85% of sediment samples, contained microplastics or other anthropogenic particles. Mean anthropogenic particle concentrations, which includes microplastics, were 0.22 +/- 0.23 (per litre) for surface water, 3.51 +/- 4.00 (per gram) for zooplankton, and 1.94 +/- 4.12 (per gram) for sediment. These concentrations were not related to the human populations upstream, suggesting that microplastic contamination in the Arctic is from long-range transport. Overall, this study highlights the presence of microplastics across the eastern Canadian Arctic, in multiple media, and offers evidence of long-range transport via ocean and atmospheric currents. Further research is needed to better understand sources, distribution, and effects to Arctic ecosystems.
引用
收藏
页码:432 / 454
页数:23
相关论文
共 80 条
[1]   Microplastic pollution in the Greenland Sea: Background levels and selective contamination of planktivorous diving seabirds [J].
Amelineau, F. ;
Bonnet, D. ;
Heitz, O. ;
Mortreux, V. ;
Harding, A. M. A. ;
Karnovsky, N. ;
Walkusz, W. ;
Fort, J. ;
Gremillet, D. .
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 2016, 219 :1131-1139
[2]   Microplastics in aquatic environments: Implications for Canadian ecosystems [J].
Anderson, Julie C. ;
Park, Bradley J. ;
Palace, Vince P. .
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 2016, 218 :269-280
[3]   Applications and societal benefits of plastics [J].
Andrady, Anthony L. ;
Neal, Mike A. .
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2009, 364 (1526) :1977-1984
[4]  
[Anonymous], Facts and Data
[5]  
[Anonymous], 2014, [No title captured], P151
[6]   Plastic pollution in the Labrador Sea: An assessment using the seabird northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis as a biological monitoring species [J].
Avery-Gomm, Stephanie ;
Provencher, Jennifer F. ;
Liboiron, Max ;
Poon, Florence E. ;
Smith, Paul A. .
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 2018, 127 :817-822
[7]   Enhanced desorption of persistent organic pollutants from microplastics under simulated physiological conditions [J].
Bakir, Adil ;
Rowland, Steven J. ;
Thompson, Richard C. .
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 2014, 185 :16-23
[8]   Modelled transport of benthic marine microplastic pollution in the Nazare Canyon [J].
Ballent, A. ;
Pando, S. ;
Purser, A. ;
Juliano, M. F. ;
Thomsen, L. .
BIOGEOSCIENCES, 2013, 10 (12) :7957-7970
[9]   Sources and sinks of microplastics in Canadian Lake Ontario nearshore, tributary and beach sediments [J].
Ballent, Anika ;
Corcoran, Patricia L. ;
Madden, Odile ;
Helm, Paul A. ;
Longstaffe, Fred J. .
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 2016, 110 (01) :383-395
[10]   Global transport of anthropogenic contaminants and the consequences for the Arctic marine ecosystem [J].
Bard, SM .
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 1999, 38 (05) :356-379