Evaluating the fake news problem at the scale of the information ecosystem

被引：267

作者：

Allen, Jennifer ^{[1
]}

Howland, Baird ^{[2
]}

Mobius, Markus ^{[3
]}

Rothschild, David ^{[4
]}

Watts, Duncan J. ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Sloan Sch Management, 100 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA

[2] Harmony Labs, 311 W 43rd St, New York, NY 10036 USA

[3] Microsoft Res New England, 1 Mem Dr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA

[4] Microsoft Res NewYork, 641 Ave Amer,7th Floor, New York, NY 10011 USA

[5] Univ Penn, 3401 Walnut St,459C, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

来源：

SCIENCE ADVANCES | 2020年 / 6卷 / 14期

关键词：

MEDIA; SCIENCE;

D O I：

10.1126/sciadv.aay3539

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

"Fake news," broadly defined as false or misleading information masquerading as legitimate news, is frequently asserted to be pervasive online with serious consequences for democracy. Using a unique multimode dataset that comprises a nationally representative sample of mobile, desktop, and television consumption, we refute this conventional wisdom on three levels. First, news consumption of any sort is heavily outweighed by other forms of media consumption, comprising at most 14.2% of Americans' daily media diets. Second, to the extent that Americans do consume news, it is overwhelmingly from television, which accounts for roughly five times as much as news consumption as online. Third, fake news comprises only 0.15% of Americans' daily media diet. Our results suggest that the origins of public misinformedness and polarization are more likely to lie in the content of ordinary news or the avoidance of news altogether as they are in overt fakery.

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