Quantum cascade lasers: from tool to product

被引：183
作者：
Razeghi, M. [1 ]
Lu, Q. Y. [1 ]
Bandyopadhyay, N. [1 ]
Zhou, W. [1 ]
Heydari, D. [1 ]
Bai, Y. [1 ]
Slivken, S. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Quantum Devices, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
来源：
OPTICS EXPRESS | 2015年 / 23卷 / 07期
基金：
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词：
CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER;
D O I：
10.1364/OE.23.008462
中图分类号：
O43 [光学];
学科分类号：
070207 ; 0803 ;
摘要：
The quantum cascade laser (QCL) is an important laser source in the mid-infrared and terahertz frequency range. The past twenty years have witnessed its tremendous development in power, wall plug efficiency, frequency coverage and tunability, beam quality, as well as various applications based on QCL technology. Nowadays, QCLs can deliver high continuous wave power output up to 5.1 W at room temperature, and cover a wide frequency range from 3 to 300 mu m by simply varying the material components. Broadband heterogeneous QCLs with a broad spectral range from 3 to 12 mu m, wavelength agile QCLs based on monolithic sampled grating design, and on-chip beam QCL combiner are being developed for the next generation tunable mid-infrared source for spectroscopy and sensing. Terahertz sources based on nonlinear generation in QCLs further extend the accessible wavelength into the terahertz range. Room temperature continuous wave operation, high terahertz power up to 1.9 mW, and wide frequency tunability form 1 to 5 THz makes this type of device suitable for many applications in terahertz spectroscopy, imaging, and communication. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
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收藏
页码：8462 / 8475
页数：14
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