Experimental Study of the Microwave Radar Doppler Spectrum Backscattered from the Sea Surface at Small Incidence Angles

This paper focuses on the comparison of the measured characteristics of radar backscattering by the water surface with the theoretical model which includes the scattering model and the surface model. In the experiment, the backscattered signal at small incidence angles was studied at the different azimuth angle of antenna rotation. Comparison of the experimental data with the model confirmed the accuracy of the sea wave spectrum model and the electromagnetic scattering model. It is shown that the analysis of the reflected signal is necessary to take into account the parameters of the surface rather than wind speed as is usually done.