Clinical features and management of the developmental dysplasia of the hip in congenital muscular torticollis

Purpose A consistent relationship between CMT and DDH has been established. However, whether the presence of CMT has effect on clinical outcomes of DDH remains unanswered. This study aimed to evaluate clinical features and management of DDH in patients with CMT. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 54 patients (91 hips) simultaneously diagnosed with DDH and CMT and included 54 patients (97 hips) with only DDH by random number method as the control group. Clinical and examination outcomes were recorded and compared, respectively. Results The mean follow-up was 18.1 +14.5 months (range, 2 to 72 mo). In the DDH and CMT group, the age of initial treatment was lower (100.8 +/- 92.3 vs. 229.0 +/- 157.4 d, P < 0.001), and the rate of male significantly increased (42.6% vs. 11.1%, P < 0.001). Before treatment, development degree of hip was better than that of the DDH group. Therefore, patients with CMT had approximately 14 times greater odds of conservative treatment success than children in the DDH group (OR, 13.84; 95% CI, 3.16 to 60.60). Conclusion We concluded that CMT was not the risk factor for the failure of treatment. On the contrary, the identification of CMT may be beneficial to early discovery and treatment of DDH when we remain vigilant to perform physical exam and screen imaging of DDH for patients with CMT.