Effect of Methylphenidate on Motivation in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

被引：27

作者：

Chelonis, John J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Johnson, Teresa A. ^{[2
]}

Ferguson, Sherry A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Berry, Kimberly J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Kubacak, Brian ^{[2
]}

Edwards, Mark C. ^{[2
]}

Paule, Merle G. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Neurotoxicol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA

[2] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA

来源：

EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY | 2011年 / 19卷 / 02期

关键词：

motivation; progressive ratio; methylphenidate; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; children; DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PROGRESSIVE-RATIO PERFORMANCE; ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE DEPLETIONS; STIMULANT MEDICATION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; DELAY AVERSION; BEHAVIORAL-INHIBITION; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; TIME REPRODUCTION;

D O I：

10.1037/a0022794

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

The effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on motivation were examined using a progressive ratio (PR) task in children who were prescribed MPH for the treatment of ADHD. Twenty-one children, 7 to 12 years of age, completed two test sessions, one under the effects of medication and one not. During each session, children pressed a lever to earn nickel reinforcers, where the first press resulted in a reinforcer and 10 additional presses were required for each subsequent reinforcer. Children on MPH had a significantly higher breakpoint than when off medication. This MPH-associated increase in the breakpoint manifested as a significant decrease in the interresponse times (IRT). Further, MPH administration resulted in a significant decrease in IRT variability. In contrast, MPH administration had no significant effects on the means and variability of postreinforcement pause duration. These results suggest that MPH increased motivation in children being treated for ADHD. Further, the inability of MPH to significantly reduce postreinforcement pause duration while simultaneously decreasing IRTs suggests that while MPH may increase motivation to perform an ongoing task, it may have little effect on the initiation of that task.

引用

页码：145 / 153

页数：9

共 67 条

[1] Effects of dopamine antagonists and accumbens dopamine depletions on time-constrained progressive-ratio performance [J].