Gender Microaggressions as a Gateway to Sexual Harassment and Sexual Assault: Expanding the Conceptualization of Youth Sexual Violence

A problem with the current conceptualization of youth sexual violence is its exclusion of chronic, low-severity forms of violence known as gender microaggressions. A review of the sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender microaggression literatures is undertaken to identify the unique and overlapping characteristics of each construct. A theoretically grounded conceptualization of youth sexual violence is presented with gender microaggressions, sexual harassment, and sexual assault existing along a continuum from chronic, low-severity to infrequent, high-severity offenses. In this reconceptualization, gender microaggressions exist as a unique form of youth sexual violence and function as a potential gateway mechanism to legally actionable offenses.