New Jurassic Sinopalaeocossus and related genera with notes on their evolutionary implications (Hemiptera, Palaeontinidae)

Sinopalaeocossus Hong, 1983 and related genera (Hemiptera, Palaeontinidae) are revised on the basis of newly discovered materials from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, northern China. The genus Hamicossus Wang and Ren, 2007 is considered to be a junior synonym of Sinopalaeocossus, resulting in S. laevis (Wang and Ren, 2007), comb. nov. The new species Sinopalaeocossus amoenus Chen, Zhang and Wang is described based on fore and hindwings. The Sinopalaeocossus and related genera resemble Martynovocossus Wang and Zhang, 2008 and were likely derived from the latter. The Sinopalaeocossus and related genera bear high diversity on wing venations. As compared to Martynovocossus, the crossvein m(3+4)-cua of hindwing is absent for Synapocossus Wang, Shih and Ren, 2013 and certain species of Sinopalaeocossus, and the crossvein r-m of forewing is absent for Synapocossus. The rapid evolution of wing venations is likely due to intense predation pressures of the newly evolved flying and insectivorous vertebrates.