Node Localization Based on Optimized Genetic Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, based on an optimized genetic algorithm for node localization, a new localization algorithm is proposed by combining genetic algorithm with GPS positioning technology. The first step of the algorithm is to get the precise position of the anchor node using GPS and the part of unknown position nodes by combining with the optimized genetic algorithm. The second step is to locate other nodes by using these unknown nodes as anchor nodes. The above two steps are implemented by the following modules: the module of establishing initial population of genetic algorithm for the nodes randomly distributed in the monitoring region, the module of computing fitness value and coefficient of variation, the module of selecting optimal individual by simulating the evolutionary mechanism. Based on these modules, we optimize the whole node localization process in Wireless Sensor Networks. The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm is efficient to locate the unknown node under the outdoor environment with the low proportion of the anchor nodes. In addition, it has the high positioning accuracy at the low cost of energy as well as the wide application.