Finite element analysis of material flow in equal channel angular pressing

The non-uniform deformation in the equal-channel angular (ECA) pressing was investigated using the finite element method. The basic mechanism of shear deformation is the path difference induced by the ECA die. When the angle occupied by the curved region at the point of intersection is zero, homogeneous shear deformation takes place on the whole cross-section of the specimen. As the angle increases, the shear deformation at the upper part of the specimen is found to be comparatively uniform, and the effective plastic strain is in good agreement with the theoretical value. The shear deformation at the lower part of the specimen, however, becomes smaller and the effective plastic strain is considerably lower than the theoretical result.