Antibiotics utilization and the development of bacterial resistance

Inappropriate use of antibiotics and consequent resistance constitute a subject of great concern in many hospitals. In this survey the antibiotics consumption and antimicrobial susceptibility test results were analyzed in Clinical Centre Nis, in Serbia, during 2004-2006. Antibiotics utilization was expressed in number of defined daily doses per 100bed days; antimicrobial resistances were given as percentages of resistant isolates. The overall consumption of antibiotics had a decrease in 2006, by 18.18%. Hospital aminoglycosides consumption was lower by 49.1% in 2006, while the resistance reduced from 40.1% to 32.1%. These results document the association of bacterial resistance to the utilization of antibiotics. This methodology seems to be beneficial for external comparisons as well as local regulation of antibiotics use and resistance.