The Survival and Incidence Rate of Ewing Sarcoma; a National Population-based Study in Iran (2008-2015)

Background: The effect of race and ethnicity on some kind of malignant bone tumors including Ewing sarcoma has been proven in different studies. In order to evaluate the latter, national cancer registries may help to increase understanding about potential cancer causes, prevention and control strategies, and apply these findings to control health problems among populations with similar characteristics. Methods: A national population-based cancer registry study based on all patients affected by Ewing Sarcoma was registered in the Iran National Cancer Registry (INCR) between 2008 and 2015 was designed. Demographic data of microscopically confirmed cases of bone Ewing sarcoma were registered. Patients with Ewing sarcoma were divided in groups to describe the primary site of the tumor (including axial or appendicular bones) and analyzed. In order to analyze the survival rate, randomized selection of the patient through the INCR data-base was performed. Results: A total of 678 cases of malignant Ewing sarcoma of the bone were identified through the INCR. The mean age of Ewing sarcoma in Iran was 21.53 years. Nearly half of patients were observed at the age group of 15-24. The total crude incidence rate of Ewing sarcoma was 1.29 in 1 million. The mean 5 year survival rate was 47%. The Mean survival rate for study population was 5.53. Conclusion: The crude incidence rate of Ewing sarcoma in Iran is relatively lower with respect to other registries. The majority of patients are in 15-25 years group and shows affection by Ewing sarcoma in an older age. Socioeconomic factors had direct influence on survival rate.