CT Radiomics for the Preoperative Prediction of Ki67 Index in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Multi-Center Study

Purpose This study established and verified a radiomics model for the preoperative prediction of the Ki67 index of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Materials and Methods A total of 344 patients with GISTs from three hospitals were divided into a training set and an external validation set. The tumor region of interest was delineated based on enhanced computed-tomography (CT) images to extract radiomic features. The Boruta algorithm was used for dimensionality reduction of the features, and the random forest algorithm was used to construct the model for radiomics prediction of the Ki67 index. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the model's performance and generalization ability. Results After dimensionality reduction, a feature subset having 21 radiomics features was generated. The generated radiomics model had an the area under curve (AUC) value of 0.835 (95% confidence interval(CI): 0.761-0.908) in the training set and 0.784 (95% CI: 0.691-0.874) in the external validation cohort. Conclusion The radiomics model of this study had the potential to predict the Ki67 index of GISTs preoperatively.