Design of second-generation current conveyors employing bacterial foraging optimization

The present paper deals with the optimal sizing of CMOS positive second-generation current conveyors (CCII+) employing an optimization algorithm. A contemporary non-gradient stochastic optimization algorithm, called bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm, has been employed to obtain the optimal physical dimensions of the constituent PMOS and NMOS transistors of the CCII+. The optimization problem has been cast as a bi-objective minimization problem, where we attempt to simultaneously minimize the parasitic X-port input resistance (R-X) and maximize the high end cut-off frequency of the current signal (f(ci)). The results have been presented for a large selection of bias currents (I-O) and our proposed algorithm could largely outperform a similar algorithm, recently proposed, employing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and also the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.