WHITE DWARF-RED DWARF SYSTEMS RESOLVED WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE. II. FULL SNAPSHOT SURVEY RESULTS

被引:49
|
作者
Farihi, J. [1 ]
Hoard, D. W. [2 ]
Wachter, S. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England
[2] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
来源
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES | 2010年 / 190卷 / 02期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
binaries: general; brown dwarfs; stars: evolution; stars: formation; stars: low-mass; stars: luminosity function; mass function; white dwarfs; ALL-SKY SURVEY; NAVAL OBSERVATORY PARALLAXES; COMMON ENVELOPE BINARIES; COOL COMPANIONS; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; CARBON STAR; FAINT STARS; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; ADVANCED CAMERA; PHOTOMETRY;
D O I
10.1088/0067-0049/190/2/275
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Results are presented for a Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys high-resolution imaging campaign of 90 white dwarfs with known or suspected low-mass stellar and substellar companions. Of the 72 targets that remain candidate and confirmed white dwarfs with near-infrared excess, 43 are spatially resolved into two or more components, and a total of 12 systems are potentially triples. For 68 systems where a comparison is possible, 50% have significant photometric distance mismatches between their white dwarf and M dwarf components, suggesting that white dwarf parameters derived spectroscopically are often biased due to the cool companion. Interestingly, 9 of the 30 binaries known to have emission lines are found to be visual pairs and hence widely separated, indicating an intrinsically active cool star and not irradiation from the white dwarf. There is a possible, slight deficit of earlier spectral types (bluer colors) among the spatially unresolved companions, exactly the opposite of expectations if significant mass is transferred to the companion during the common envelope phase. Using the best available distance estimates, the low-mass companions to white dwarfs exhibit a bimodal distribution in projected separation. This result supports the hypothesis that during the giant phases of the white dwarf progenitor, any unevolved companions either migrate inward to short periods of hours to days, or outward to periods of hundreds to thousands of years. No intermediate projected separations of a few to several AU are found among these pairs. However, a few double M dwarfs (within triples) are spatially resolved in this range, empirically demonstrating that such separations were readily detectable among the binaries with white dwarfs. A straightforward and testable prediction emerges: all spatially unresolved, low-mass stellar and substellar companions to white dwarfs should be in short-period orbits. This result has implications for substellar companion and planetary orbital evolution during the post-main-sequence lifetime of their stellar hosts.
引用
收藏
页码:275 / 296
页数:22
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