Work Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Frontline Workers during COVID-19 in Thailand

The outbreak of COVID-19 generated a negative impact on the psychological wellbeing of frontline public health workers due to a shortage of staff and supplies. This research investigated the effect of the team environment, personal characteristics, work environment and psychological capital on work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior during COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 816 frontline public health workers in the northern part of Thailand. The findings revealed that the 2 models had an acceptable fit, chi(2) = 293.00, df = 273, p = .19, CFI = 1.00, NNFI = 1.00, GFI = .97, AGFI = .96, RMSEA = .00 and chi(2)/df = 1.07, and chi(2) = 297.83, df = 274, p w = .15, CFI = 1.00, NNFI = 1.00, GFI = .97, AGFI = .96, RMSEA = .01, and chi(2)/df = 1.09. The results indicated that team environment had direct effects on psychological wellbeing (beta = .42, p = .05), work behavior (beta = .91, p = .05), and OCB (beta = .92, p = .05). Furthermore, personal characteristics had direct effects on psychological wellbeing (beta = .66, p = .05), work behavior (beta = .90, p = .05), and OCB (beta = .92, p = .05). These findings suggest that strengthening personal positive behavior could lead to positive work and team environment that could enhance an individual's psychological wellbeing.