Impacts of Emerging Contaminants on Surrounding Aquatic Environment from a Youth Festival

被引：91
作者：
Jiang, Jheng-Jie [1 ]
Lee, Chon-Lin [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Fang, Meng-Der [5 ]
Tu, Bo-Wen [1 ]
Liang, Yu-Jen [5 ]
机构：
[1] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Marine Environm & Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
[2] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Coll Hlth Sci, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
[3] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Asia Pacific Ocean Res Ctr, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
[4] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Res Ctr Environm Med, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
[5] Ind Technol Res Inst, Green Energy & Environm Res Labs, Hsinchu 30011, Taiwan
来源：
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | 2015年 / 49卷 / 02期
关键词：
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER SYSTEMS; ILLICIT DRUG-USE; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PHARMACEUTICALS; URBAN; POLLUTANTS; REMOVAL;
D O I：
10.1021/es503944e
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
The youth festival as we refer to Spring Scream, a large-scale pop music festival, is notorious for the problems of drug abuse and addiction. The origin, temporal magnitudes, potential risks and mass inputs of emerging contaminants (ECs) were investigated. Thirty targeted ECs were analyzed by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS). Sampling strategy was designed to characterize EC behavior in different stages (before and after the youth festival), based on multivariate data analysis to explore the contributions of contaminants from normal condition to the youth festival. Wastewater influents and effluents were collected during the youth festival (approximately 600?000 pop music fans and youth participated). Surrounding river waters are also sampled to illustrate the touristic impacts during peak season and off-season. Seasonal variations were observed, with the highest concentrations in April (Spring Scream) and the lowest in October (off-season). Acetaminophen, diclofenac, codeine, ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin-H2O, and gemfibrozil have significant pollution risk quotients (RQs > 1), indicating ecotoxicological concerns. Principal component analysis (PCA) and weekly patterns provide a perspective in assessing the touristic impacts and address the dramatic changes in visitor population and drug consumption. The highest mass loads discharged into the aquatic ecosystem corresponded to illicit drugs/controlled substances such as ketamine and MDMA, indicating the high consumption of ecstasy during Spring Scream.
引用
收藏
页码：792 / 799
页数：8
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