Characterizing the social diversity of bilingualism using language entropy

被引:185
作者
Gullifer, Jason W. [1 ,2 ]
Titone, Debra [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] McGill Univ, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[2] McGill Univ, Ctr Res Brain Language & Mus, Montreal, PQ, Canada
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
bilingualism; language entropy; social diversity; individual differences; interactional context; HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE; EXECUTIVE CONTROL; SPANISH-ENGLISH; FOREIGN ACCENT; EXPERIENCE; L2; DOMINANCE; ADVANTAGES; MODEL;
D O I
10.1017/S1366728919000026
中图分类号
H0 [语言学];
学科分类号
030303 ; 0501 ; 050102 ;
摘要
Bilingual and multilingual individuals exhibit variation in everyday language experience. Studies on bilingualism account for individual differences with measures such as L2 age of acquisition, exposure, or language proficiency, but recent theoretical perspectives posit that the relative balance between the two or more languages throughout daily life (i.e., interactional context) is a crucial determinant for language representation, access, and control. We propose an innovative measure to characterize this construct by using entropy to estimate the social diversity of language use. Language entropy is computed from commonly-collected language history data and generalizes to multilingual communicative contexts. We show how language entropy relates to other indices of bilingual experience and that it predicts self-report L2 outcome measures over and above classic measures of language experience. Thus, we proffer language entropy as a means to characterize individual differences in bilingual (and multilingual) language experience related to the social diversity of language use.
引用
收藏
页码:283 / 294
页数:12
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