Flexibility in the implementation of intellectual property rights in agricultural biotechnology

被引:6
作者
Trommetter, Michel [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] INRA, UMR GAEL, F-38040 Grenoble 9, France
[2] P Mendes France Univ, F-38040 Grenoble 9, France
[3] Ecole Polytech, Dept Econ, Palaiseau, France
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
Intellectual property right; Patent; Agriculture; Trips; Innovation;
D O I
10.1007/s10657-009-9133-7
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
In this paper I discuss the fact that economists define optimal IP rights as a continuum of options in three dimensions: height, breadth and length. At the operational level we see the impossibility of multiplying rights indefinitely (due to prohibitive transaction costs), as well as the use of a limited number of IF tools which have led to the implementation of flexibilities. These flexibilities are designed to limit certain perverse effects of rights ill-adjusted to the characteristics of some economic sectors (agricultural biotechnologies, pharmacy, etc.). In this context, I analyse how these flexibilities are implemented in TRIPS and TRIPS+ agreements and I study the consequences for Developing Countries.
引用
收藏
页码:223 / 245
页数:23
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