Time trends in the concentrations of lead in wet precipitation from rural and urban sites in Austria

被引:8
作者
Kalina, M
Puxbaum, H
Tsakovski, S
Simeonov, V
机构
[1] Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Analyt Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
[2] Univ Sofia, Fac Chem, Chair Analyt Chem, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
关键词
lead; lead concentrations; wet precipitation; regression analysis; time series analysis;
D O I
10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00457-3
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Trend and time series analysis of concentrations of lead in wet precipitation at different rural and urban sampling sites in Austria, collected during intervals of 6 - 12 years (between 1984 and 1995) is performed. A substantial decrease of the lead concentrations for all sites in consideration is observed similar to observations in Germany, Sweden and North sea and western Atlantic regions. Reductions in rural sites between 60 and 80 % in 10 years and around 90 % in 10 years in urban areas are found. This trend correlates with the reduction of lead emissions from combustion of gasoline. The seasonal deconvolution model of the data set reveals a typical seasonality with lead concentration peaks in summer and spring for the rural sites and winter peaks for urban sites. The average annual lead concentration in the rural region for 1995 was 1.25 mu g/l, in the urban region 2.25 mu g/l. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2509 / 2515
页数:7
相关论文
共 15 条
[1]   Time trends in the precipitation chemistry at a mountain site in northeastern Spain for the period 1983-1994 [J].
Avila, A .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1996, 30 (09) :1363-1373
[2]   Analysis and temporal variations of trace metals in precipitation at an Atlantic station [J].
Cabon, JY ;
LeBihan, A .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1996, 62 (02) :97-113
[3]   THE WET DEPOSITION OF TRACE-METALS TO THE WESTERN ATLANTIC OCEAN AT THE MID-ATLANTIC COAST AND ON BERMUDA [J].
CHURCH, TM ;
TRAMONTANO, JM ;
SCUDLARK, JR ;
JICKELLS, TD ;
TOKOS, JJ ;
KNAP, AH ;
GALLOWAY, JN .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1984, 18 (12) :2657-2664
[4]   10-YEAR TRENDS IN SULFATE, NITRATE AND HYDROGEN DEPOSITION IN CENTRAL ONTARIO [J].
DILLON, PJ ;
LUSIS, M ;
REID, R ;
YAP, D .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1988, 22 (05) :901-905
[5]  
EINAX J, 1997, MULTIVARIATE STAT EN
[6]   DEPOSITION OF THE MOST ACIDIFYING COMPONENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS DURING THE PERIOD 1980-1986 [J].
ERISMAN, JW ;
DELEEUW, FAAM ;
VANAALST, RM .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1989, 23 (05) :1051-1062
[7]   Lead concentration in wet deposition results of a ten year time series in Salzburg, Austria [J].
Kalina, MF ;
Puxbaum, H ;
Biebl, P .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1997, 67 (1-4) :203-211
[8]  
KALINA MF, 1996, IDOJARAS, V100, P159
[9]   TRENDS IN PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY IN THE UNITED-STATES - A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE, 1980-1992 [J].
LYNCH, JA ;
GRIMM, JW ;
BOWERSOX, VC .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1995, 29 (11) :1231-1246
[10]   Ten years trends (1984-1993) in the precipitation chemistry in Central Austria [J].
Puxbaum, H ;
Simeonov, V ;
Kalina, MF .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1998, 32 (02) :193-202