Postsurgical Intrauterine Adhesions after Hysteroscopic Myomectomy Using the Myoma Pseudocapsule Preservation Technique Evaluated bv Second-look Hysteroscopy: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Study Objective: To analyze the frequency and risk factors of postsurgical intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) using second-look hysteroscopy (SLH) in patients undergoing hysteroscopic myomectomy performed using the myoma pseudocapsule preservation technique for submucosal myoma. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: University hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients: A total of 124 patients underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy and SLH. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, number of enucleated myomas, volume of specimen, and postsurgical IUA evaluated by SLH. Postsurgical IUA were found in 5 of 124 cases (4.0%) at SLH. There were no cases of IUA formation in cases in which a single myomas was resected (0 of 83 cases, 0%); all cases were multiple myomas (5 of 41 cases, 12.2%), and IUA significantly occurred more frequently in cases of multiple myoma (p =.003). Univariate analyses showed that the IUA group contained a significantly larger number of enucleated uterine myoma (p <.001), required a longer operation (p =.003), and displayed an increased volume of intraoperative bleeding (p =.007), and the heavier the specimen, the greater the number of patients that had inserted an intrauterine device than the group that did not display postsurgical IUA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors of postsurgical IUA showed that the number of enucleated myomas was strongly associated with IUA (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.06- 1.97). Conclusion: The frequency of postsurgical IUA after hysteroscopic myomectomy was high in cases of multiple myoma and may be a risk factor. SLH should be actively pursued in cases where the patient desires to bear children, and an informed consent should be attained before performing surgery. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology (2022) 29, 998- 1002. (c) 2022 AAGL. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)