The effects of race and ethnicity in the medical setting are addressed in terms of the psychological implications for optimal treatment. The face of the world, and especially that of the United States, is changing. As the ethnic and racial demographics of the country change, it is important for psychologists in medical settings to be aware of what this means to us. We must be able to understand what a person brings to the setting when they are seeking medical and psychological care. The focus of this special issue is to get an understanding of some of the differences among people and how to utilized this knowledge. manuscripts are included discussing adolescents to geriatrics. The topics of sickle cell disease, cancer, weight management, etc., are addressed.