Immunomodulation as a Potent COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy: Past, Present and Future

被引：31

作者：

Hertanto, Decsa Medika ^{[1
,2
]}

Wiratama, Bayu Satria ^{[3
,4
]}

Sutanto, Henry ^{[5
,6
]}

Wungu, Citrawati Dyah Kencono ^{[7
,8
]}

机构：

[1] Airlangga Univ, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Surabaya, Indonesia

[2] Dr Soetomo Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Surabaya, Indonesia

[3] Univ Gadjah Mada, Fac Med Publ Hlth & Nursing, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Populat Hlth, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

[4] Taipei Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Grad Inst Injury Prevent & Control, Taipei, Taiwan

[5] Maastricht Univ, CARIM Sch Cardiovasc Dis, Dept Cardiol, Maastricht, Netherlands

[6] SUNY, Downstate Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, New York, NY USA

[7] Airlangga Univ, Fac Med, Dept Physiol & Med Biochem, Surabaya, Indonesia

[8] Airlangga Univ, Inst Trop Dis, Surabaya, Indonesia

来源：

JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH | 2021年 / 14卷

基金：

英国科研创新办公室;

关键词：

COVID-19; immunomodulation; immunology; immune system; pharmacotherapy; coronavirus; drug repurposing; CELL;

D O I：

10.2147/JIR.S322831

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

In the first year of its appearance, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected more than 150 million individuals and killed 3 million people worldwide. The pandemic has also triggered numerous global initiatives to tackle the newly emerging disease, including the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the attempt to discover potential pharmacological therapies. Nonetheless, despite the success of SARS-CoV-2 vac-cine development, COVID-19 therapy remains challenging. Several repurposed drugs that were documented to be useful in small clinical trials have been shown to be ineffective in larger studies. Additionally, the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection displayed the predominance of hyperinflammation and immune dysregulation in inducing multiorgan damage. Therefore, the potential benefits of both immune modulation and suppression in COVID-19 have been extensively discussed. Here, we reviewed the roles of immunomodu-lation as potential COVID-19 pharmacological modalities based on the existing data and proposed several new immunologic targets to be tested in the foreseeable future.

引用

页码：3419 / 3428

页数：10