Mental health service users' perspectives of work: a review of the literature

Purpose: Much of the literature about the meaning and experience of work for people with mental health problems is limited in the extent to which individual perspectives are represented, because the evidence derives from studies that are mainly quantitative in design. This literature review focused on qualitative studies, which sought to elicit the experiences of returning to work with a mental health problem. Method: An electronic search of the databases SCOPUS, CINAHL and PsycINFO was carried out. Papers with a publication date between December 1989 and December 2009 were sought. This time period was chosen to reflect the developments in approaches to vocational rehabilitation that have developed during the last 20 years. Findings: The findings indicate that work holds multiple meanings for people with mental health problems, that there are advantages and disadvantages to working, and that many barriers to work exist. The crucial nature of support for the individual in accessing employment is emphasised, and what users want from supportive relationships is detailed. The findings suggest that barriers can be overcome if the right support is available. Conclusion: The findings provide support for the involvement of occupational therapists working in vocational services, and offer some pointers for developing relationships with clients. The findings highlight the importance of exploring clients' feelings about work, including perceived barriers and benefits to working, and provide a deeper understanding of the type of supportive relationship required by a person with a mental health problem who wishes to access employment.