The Adhesive Perinephric Fat Score is Correlated with Outcomes of Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Benign Diseases

Background Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RLA) possessing unique superiority with minimal abdominal interference is complicated by the status of periadrenal fat, including its quantity and texture. We hypothesized that an adherent perinephric fat predictor, the Mayo Adhesive Probability score (Mayo score), is associated with the perioperative outcomes of RLA. Methods This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent RLA for the diagnosis of benign adrenal tumors at our institution between 2017 and 2020. Medical records were reviewed to evaluate the association between Mayo scores obtained from preoperative computed tomography imaging and surgical outcomes as well as complications. Factors independently related to perioperative results were analyzed using multivariable regression models. Results In total, 186 RLA were included. According to their Mayo scores, the patients were divided as follows: 0 (n = 51, 27.4%), 1 (n = 34, 18.3%), 2 (n = 45, 24.2%), 3 (n = 29, 15.6%), 4 (n = 16, 8.6%) and 5 (n = 11, 5.9%). Longer operative time (92.0 +/- 25.0 vs. 114.7 +/- 30.6 vs. 137.4 +/- 27.1 min, P < 0.001), higher estimated blood loss (42.2 +/- 28.1 vs. 70.5 +/- 44.9 vs. 132.6 +/- 63.4 mL, P < 0.001) and greater decline of hemoglobin (0.7 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.6 g/dL, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with elevated Mayo score risks. No difference in complication rates was found. The score was identified as a unique, independent risk factor for perioperative outcomes on multivariable analysis. Conclusions The Mayo score is a vital outcome predictor of RLA. It may be utilized in the preoperative planning for patients undergoing RLA.