Mitral valve repair for infective endocarditis: Kobe experience

Objectives We retrospectively analyzed our experience of mitral valve repair for native mitral valve endocarditis in a single institution. Methods From January 1991 to October 2011, 171 consecutive patients underwent surgery for infective endocarditis. Of these, 147 (86%) had mitral valve repair. At the time of surgery, 98 patients had healed (group A) and 49 had active infective endocarditis (group B). Repair procedures included resection of all infected tissue and thick restricted post-infection tissue, leaflet and annulus reconstruction with treated autologous pericardium, chordal reconstruction with polytetrafluoroethylene sutures, and ring annuloplasty if necessary. Fifty-two (35%) patients required concomitant procedures. The study endpoints were overall survival, freedom from reoperation, and freedom from valve-related events. The median follow-up was 78 months. Results There was one hospital death (hospital mortality 0.7%). Survival at 10 years was 88.5% +/- 3.5% with no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.052). Early reoperation was required in 4 patients in group B due to persistent infection or procedure failure. Freedom from reoperation at 5 years was 99% +/- 1.0% in group A and 89.6 +/- 4.0% in group B (p = 0.024). Event-free survival at 10 years was 79.3% +/- 4.8% (group A: 83.4% +/- 5.9%, group B: 72.6% +/- 6.9%, p = 0.010). Conclusions Mitral valve repair was highly successful using autologous pericardium, chordal reconstruction, and ring annuloplasty if required. Long-term results were acceptable in terms survival, freedom from reoperation, and event-free survival. Mitral valve repair is recommended for mitral infective endocarditis in most patients.